Hyperlipidemia

What is Hyperlipidemia?

Hyperlipidemia refers to a high level of fat in the blood stream. In general, hyperlipidemia can be divided into two categories: hypercholesterolemia, a high level of cholesterol, and hypertriglyceridemia, a high level of triglycerides, the most common form of fat. In both cases, fatty substances are attached to proteins in the bloodstream.

These increased levels of fat may eventually slow down your body’s metabolic process by blocking various veins and arteries. If left unchecked, this can cause a number of health issues such as a heart attack, heart disease or a stroke. A healthy diet, regular exercise and, if needed, medication can go a long way toward reducing hyperlipidemia.

Hyperlipidemia Risk Factors and Causes

There are different types – good and bad – of fats or cholesterol. Various factors can contribute to high “bad” cholesterol and low “good” cholesterol, which occurs in the case of hyperlipidemia.  Some of these conditions include:

• Hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid), in which a reduced metabolism promotes fat accumulation
• Obesity, inactivity and/or unhealthy diet
• Alcoholism and smoking
• Diabetes or high blood pressure, if poorly controlled
• Your genetic makeup
• Prescription drugs, such as steroids and antibiotics
• Pregnancy, in some cases

Hyperlipidemia Symptoms and Diagnosis

Hyperlipidemia usually won’t cause any symptoms. Its diagnosis is typically based on medical history, physical examination, and blood tests (following a 12-hour fast). In rare cases, people may develop pancreatitis, which can cause symptoms including sudden, severe abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and fever.

Treating Hyperlipidemia

Diet and lifestyle changes are the first steps to treating hyperlipidemia. A big part of this is maintaining a healthy diet that’s low in saturated fats and triglycerides and consumption of low-fat dairy products. This also includes incorporating moderate physical activity, limiting alcohol and not smoking.

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